What you pay for on your electricity bill

An electricity bill has four parts. Only the first depends on the supplier you choose; the rest are the same whichever supplier you're with.

1. Supply charges

The energy price per kilowatt-hour (kWh) and the plan's monthly fixed fee. This is where suppliers differ: fixed or variable price, consumption tiers, on-time payment discounts, night rates. It's the part we compare when ranking plans.

2. Regulated charges

Set by the state and the network operators, and identical for every supplier. In November 2026 they are:

• Transmission system charge (IPTO): €0.01151/kWh.
• Distribution network charge (HEDNO): €0.00349/kWh, plus €6.766 a year per kVA of contracted capacity (about €54 a year for 8 kVA).
• Public service obligations (ΥΚΩ): tiered per four-month period. In the standard zone €0.0069/kWh for the first 1,600 kWh, €0.05/kWh from 1,601 to 2,000 kWh and €0.085/kWh above 2,000 kWh. In the night zone €0.0069, €0.015 and €0.03/kWh respectively.
• ΕΤΜΕΑΡ (renewables levy): €0.017/kWh.

3. Taxes

• Excise duty: €0.0022/kWh for household use.
• Special levy of 5‰ on supply, network and regulated charges except ΕΤΜΕΑΡ, and on excise.
• VAT at 6% on supply, network and regulated charges and excise. A reduced rate applies on some islands.

4. Third-party fees

Municipal fees, the municipal property tax and the ERT (public broadcaster) fee are collected through the electricity bill but aren't electricity charges and don't change with the supplier. We leave them out of comparisons.

An example

For 1,000 kWh over four months in the standard zone with 8 kVA: transmission €11.51, distribution €3.49 plus about €17.80 fixed distribution, ΥΚΩ €6.90, ΕΤΜΕΑΡ €17.00 and excise €2.20. That's about €58.90 before the special levy and VAT — the same amount with any supplier. That's why switching supplier only affects supply charges.